Ashkenazi are of the Tribes of Galilee from Diaspora of 588 BCE

The Following is a letter dated 15 January 2007 -- the original e-mail may bave been forwarded by Technion.

Dear Dr. Donon M. Behar;

I attempted to e-mail you at beharmd@techunix.technion.ac.il; however they reported the last you checked your mail was early last year.

As you are engaged in the study of Levites, I thought I would bring something to your attention – which indicates the Ashkenazi were part of the Diaspora of 588 BCE.

I use as references these papers – yours being the first on the list::
1. Multiple Origins of Ashkenazi Levites: Y Chromosome Evidence for Both Near Eastern and European Ancestries.

2. Nuclear and Mitochondrial DNA Analysis of a 2,000-Year-Old Necropolis in the Egyin Gol Valley of Mongolia – by: Christine Keyser-Tracqui, Eric Crubezy, and Bertrand Ludes

3. The Y Chromosome Pool of Jews as Part of the Genetic Landscape of the Middle East – by: Almut Nebel, Dvora Filon, Bernd Brinkmann, Partha P. Majumder, Marina Faerman,
and Ariella Oppenheim

4. The Genetic Heritage of the Earliest Settlers Persists Both in Indian Tribal – by T. Kivisild, S. Rootsi, M. Metspalu, S. Mastana, K. Kaldma, J. Parik, 1 E. Metspalu, M. Adojaan, H.-V. Tolk, V. Stepanov, M. Golge, E. Usanga, S. S. Papiha, C. Cinniog¢lu, R. King, L. Cavalli-Sforza, P. A. Underhill, and R. Villems

5. Negligible Male Gene Flow Across Ethnic Boundaries in India, Revealed by Analysis of Y-Chromosomal DNA Polymorphisms – by: Majumder Nitai Pada Bhattacharyya, Priyadarshi Basu, Madhusudan Das, Srimanta Pramanik, Rajat Banerjee, Bidyut Roy, Susanta Roychoudhury and Partha P. Majumder

I would draw your attention to the data established as the common Modal
DSY19/DSY388/DSY390/DSY391/DSY392/DSY393/

My yDNA modal is the 17-12-24-11-11-13, which and researching is what has gotten me involved.

Not the occurrence of my Modal and, more importantly, the Modal 16-12-25-11-11-13, and the one mutation 16-12-24-11-11-13. I have not yet checked the Indian lists for the 15-12-24-10-11-13 but suspect you will find it is also prevalent.

The second paper states “This burial site is linked to the Xiongnu period and was used from the 3rd century B.C. to the 2nd century A.D.” As such the Modal there clearly predates assertions of conversion – concurrent with, or post, Khazar – as the basis for, or origin point of, the Ashkenazi.

By my calculation fifty-two (52%) percent of the Gol Valley graves – with sufficient yDNA for analysis and comparison – were Ashkenazi; but this is 800 year prior to the Ashkenazi appearance.

We know that the second diaspora is concurrent with the assumed beginnings of the Jewish presence on, or establishment of, the Silk Road to China. The Modals (both mine and the 6-12-25-11-11-13) establish that these were the families who journeyed that road. The appearance of both these Modals in the Brahmin population also infers an influence in the creation, or beginning, of that Caste and possibly the associated religion.

The Nebel et al paper (third paper) provided a racing/cultural/geographic connection for each Modal – all are within biblical territories associated with the Tribes of Zebulun and Issachar (also Naphtali, Asher & Dan, but I’ll focus on the tribes noted for Torah study.)

My belief is that there was a Biblical era admix with R1a Modals through the Phoenician, or Sea Peoples, and this was represented in the commerce by land and sea associated with the Canaanite region.

The Diaspora saw these people moved to Turkey, where some crossed the Caucasus Mountains into the area Herodotus identifies as Colchis. Going one step further, I suggest the North Africa association found in the Gol data is “Egyptian” as described by Herodotus in Book 2 – where he says the people of Colchis practice circumcision and resemble Egyptians (or Ethiopians) who also practice it (Noting that Herodotus makes no mention of an Israelite practice in 440 BCE).

Obviously, your work already establishes a Near Eastern yDNA origin. I would like to know if you have further evidence to support this hypothesis – that the Ashkenazi might be the remnant of the original Tribes from the area of Galilee. I would also like any confirmation that my Modal appears in ancient sites in Judah/Israel.

Obvious this would be the documented genealogical connection for the books; which I would love to be able to mention in my weekly newspaper column. Maybe I could even get my Harvard student daughter to go into the field (she hasn’t determined what area of medicine she will pursue when she gets to graduate school).

Thank you,
Sincerely,